John Roberts

"The fact that no President has ever found such power in IEEPA is strong evidence that it does not exist."

"the president must 'point to clear congressional authorisation' to justify his extraordinary assertion of the power to impose tariffs"

"IEEPA contains no reference to tariffs or duties. The Government points to no statute in which Congress used the word 'regulate' to authorize taxation."

""The Framers did not vest any part of the taxing power in the Executive Branch.""

""Absent from this lengthy list of specific powers is any mention of tariffs or duties.""